However, it was tainted by the Ratsitatane episode. In 1919, the Mauritius Sugar Syndicate came into being, which included 70% of all sugar producers.[54]. In 2005 elections, Navin Ramgoolam became PM under the new coalition of LabourPMXDVFMRMMSM. They were arrested and freed on bail. i SUMMARY: MAIN TOURISM STATISTICS 2019 1,383,488 tourist arrivals were recorded during the year. [23] [24] Indo-Mauritians make up the bulk of the population with significant Creole, Sino-Mauritian and Franco-Mauritian minorities. [201] In June 2015, Mauritius adhered to the multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters, and has an exchange information mechanism with 127 jurisdictions. The Judicial Committee may also grant special leave to appeal from the decision of any court in any civil or criminal matter as per section 81(5) of the Constitution.[154]. In particular, the extinction of the flightless dodo bird, a species unique to Maurtitius, has become a representative example of human-driven extinction. Mauritian investors are gradually entering African markets, notably Madagascar, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. [64][65] Social worker and leader of the Jan Andolan movement Basdeo Bissoondoyal organised the funeral ceremonies of the four dead labourers. The Republic of Mauritius consists of the main island, Mauritius and of a group of small islands in the Indian Ocean. You have permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited. The major musical genres of Mauritius are Sega and its fusion genre, Seggae, Bhojpuri folk songs, Indian movie music especially Bollywood, and Classical music mainly Western classical music and Indian classical music. The country's political heritage and dependence on Western markets have led to close ties with the European Union and its member states, particularly France. Additionally, the British brought 8,740 Indian soldiers to the island. MAURITIUS Age Structure Mauritius established diplomatic relations with China in April 1972 and was forced to defend this decision, along with naval contracts with the USSR in the same year. Large retail chains began opening stores in 1985 and offered credit facilities to low-income earners, thus allowing them to afford basic household appliances. In the President's Report of the Mauritian Wildlife Foundation dated March 2016, St Brandon is declared an official MWF project to promote the conservation of the atoll. [71][68] In 1948, Emilienne Rochecouste became the first woman to be elected to the Legislative Council, serving until 1953. The estimated population of the Republic of Mauritius was at 1,265,985, of whom 626,341 were males and 639,644 females as at 1 July 2019. Its name Dina Arobi has been associated with Arab sailors who first discovered the island. The Constitution of Mauritius established the separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary and guaranteed the protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual. From the Census of Economic Activity (CEA) 2013 It includes the main island (also called Mauritius), as well as Rodrigues, Agalga and St. [150] The island of Mauritius is subdivided into nine districts, which are the country's second-order administrative divisions. Enter your email below, and you'll receive this table's data in your inbox momentarily. The 1920s saw the rise of a "retrocessionism" movement, which favoured the retrocession of Mauritius to France. The country has adopted exchange of information on an automatic basis under the Common Reporting Standard and the Foreign Accounts Tax Compliance Act. However, the labourers of Belle Vue Harel Sugar Estate went on strike on 27 September 1943. Media in category "Demographics of Mauritius" The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Introduction (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) Highlights In 2020, the population comprised 639,712 women compared to 626,028 men. [18] In 1959, British officials in Mauritius informed the World Meteorological Organization that it considered Tromelin to be part of its territory. [178] Bhojpuri, once widely spoken as a mother tongue, has become less commonly spoken over the years. Mauritius has transitioned from a country of high fertility and high mortality rates in the 1950s and mid-1960s to one with among the lowest population growth rates in the developing world today. It was viewed 8 times while on Public Inspection. Toggle Government and politics subsection, 19451960: Postwar politics, universal suffrage, Information and communications technology. Both units are composed of police officers on lengthy rotations to those services. Demographic profile. MICS. This allowed the evolution of a number of flightless birds and large reptile species. [33] Aapravasi Ghat, in the bay at Port Louis and now a UNESCO site, was the first British colony to serve as a major reception centre for indentured servants. Official language", "Inputs on Human Rights Council Resolution 46/27 on Combatting intolerance, negative stereotyping, stigmatization, discrimination, incitement to violence and violence against persons, based on religion or belief", "Nine-Year Continuous Basic Education: What are the major changes brought to the system? "[130], On 22 May 2019, the United Nations General Assembly debated and adopted a resolution that affirmed that the Chagos Archipelago, which has been occupied by the UK for more than 50 years, "forms an integral part of the territory of Mauritius". There are 12.66 thousand births in Mauritius in 2021. [121][122] In 2016, Britain extended the lease to the US till 2036. The coat of arms of Mauritius was adopted in 1906, consisting of a Sambur deer and the extinct dodo, which has currently been a symbol of national identity since independence. On 20 May, thousands of students tried to enter Port-Louis over the Grand River North West bridge, and clashed with police. [74][75], On 10 May 1965, racial riots broke out in the village of Trois Boutiques near Souillac and progressed to the historic village of Mahbourg. According to Statistics Mauritius, at 1 July 2019, the population of Agalga and St. Brandon was estimated at 274.[115]. [103] The incumbent president is Prithvirajsing Roopun[104] who has served since December 2019. Members of the MMM, including Paul Brenger, were imprisoned on 23 December 1971. 3320 [Statistics Mauritius, 2012] The "Muslims" who are mostly of North-Indian descent, predom-inantly Sunni, and speak Urdu, Gujarati and Bhojpuri among others, are the second main ethnic group and comprise around 16% of the population (3321, 552; 3322, 9). [33] Under his governorship, numerous buildings were erected, a number of which are still standing. However, at the 1926 elections, Dunputh Lallah and Rajcoomar Gujadhur became the first Indo-Mauritians to be elected to the Legislative Council. [95], The year 1999 was marked by civil unrest and riots in February and then in May. This system of nominating members is commonly called the best loser system. [96] A commission of enquiry was set up to investigate the root causes of the social disturbance. October 2018, saw the authorisation of the cull of 20% of the fruit bat population, amounting to 13,000 of the estimated 65,000 fruit bats remaining, although their status had already reverted to Endangered due to the previous years' culls. [203] The forecast of tourist arrivals for the year 2019 is maintained at 1,450,000, representing an increase of 3.6% over the figure of 1,399,408 in 2018. [73] Around that time, two eminent British academics, Richard Titmuss and James Meade, published a report of the island's social problems caused by overpopulation and the monoculture of sugar cane. ", "Resident population by religion and sex", "International Religious Freedom Report for 2015", "Mauritius: Maha Shivratree 2022 - the Prime Minister Chairs the National Task Force", "Constitution of Mauritius 49. [211], Decades of political, social, and economic change have resulted in the routine destruction of Mauritian architectural heritage. [86] The MMM secured 34 seats in Parliament but outgoing Prime Minister Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam managed to remain in office, with a two-seat majority, after striking an alliance with the PMSD of Gaetan Duval. [42], Slavery was gradually abolished over several years after 1833, and the planters ultimately received two million pounds sterling in compensation for the loss of their slaves, who had been imported from Africa and Madagascar during the French occupation.[48][49]. The political party or alliance which has the second largest group of representatives forms the Official Opposition and its leader is normally nominated by the President of the Republic as the Leader of the Opposition. According to Statistics Mauritius, at 1 July 2019, the population of the island was estimated at 43,371. A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. [33] The swift conquest of Mauritius was fictionalised in the novel The Mauritius Command by Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1977. The nation's exclusive economic zone covers about 2.3millionkm2 (890,000sqmi) of the Indian Ocean, including approximately 400,000km2 (150,000sqmi) jointly managed with the Seychelles.[108][109][110]. Mauritius has transitioned from a country of high fertility and high mortality rates in the 1950s and mid-1960s to one with among the lowest population growth rates in the developing world today. Rising land values are pitted against the cultural value of historical structures in Mauritius, while the prohibitive costs of maintenance and the steady decline in traditional building skills make it harder to invest in preservation. The crude birth rate is 9.95 per 1000 people. [30][31] In 1507, Portuguese sailors visited the uninhabited island. [188], Mauritius has one of the largest exclusive economic zones in the world, and in 2012 the government announced its intention to develop the marine economy. [183][184][185], Since independence from Britain in 1968, Mauritius has developed from a low-income, agriculture-based economy to a high-income diversified economy, based on tourism, textiles, sugar, and financial services. [52], From the end of nominated Arlanda's term in 1891, until 1926, there had been no Indo-Mauritian representation in the Legislative Council. [13], On 20 December 2010, Mauritius initiated proceedings against the United Kingdom under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to challenge the legality of the Chagos Marine Protected Area (MPA), which the UK purported to declare around the Chagos Archipelago in April 2010. However, ideological and personality differences emerged within the MMM and PSM leadership. [55], 1936 saw the birth of the Labour Party, launched by Maurice Cur. Help us do this work by making a donation. As part of the deportation, British officials have been accused of ordering the island's dog population of 1,000 to be gassed. The MMM-PSM government split up nine months after the June 1982 election. The commonly quoted statistics on forest areas are at least a couple of decades old. [16] A Dutch fleet, under the command of Admiral Van Warwyck landed at what is now Grand Port and took possession of the island in 1598, renaming the then uninhabited islands after Maurice, Prince of Orange. There were 97.7 males for every 100 females. Mauritius is ranked 157th in terms of population and For other uses, see, Islands of the Republic of Mauritius (excluding Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin Island). The percentage of female population is 50.70% compare to 49.30% male population. [97] In January 2000, political activist Rajen Sabapathee was shot dead after he escaped from La Bastille jail.[98]. [193], Mauritius has built its success on a free market economy. [33][35] A The main island of Mauritius, where most of the population is concentrated, hosts the capital and largest city, Port Louis. Demographic features of the population of Mauritius include population density, ethnicity, education level, the health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. The country's economy has made great strides since independence in 1968 and is now classified as an upper-middle-income economy. demographic transition. The UK leased the main island of the archipelago, Diego Garcia, to the United States under a 50-year lease to establish a military base. [143] France sent aircraft and specialists from Runion and Greenpeace said that the leak threatened the survival of thousands of species, who are at "risk of drowning in a sea of pollution".[144]. It was viewed 5 times while on Public Inspection. [139], The environment in Mauritius is typically tropical in the coastal regions with forests in the mountainous areas. In late 1943, the 1st Battalion of the Mauritius Regiment (1MR) was sent to Madagascar for training, and in their place a battalion of the King's African Rifles (KAR) was stationed in Mauritius. Between 1960 and 1980, the historic homes of the island's high grounds, known locally as campagnes, disappeared at alarming rates. [161], According to the 2011 census conducted by Statistics Mauritius, 48.5% of the Mauritian population follows Hinduism, followed by Christianity (32.7%), out of which 26.3% are Catholic, Islam (17.2%) and other religions (0.7%). Following the Kaya riots, President Cassam Uteem and Cardinal Jean Margot toured the country and calm was restored after four days of turmoil. The current population of Mauritius is 1,300,646 as of Monday, July 24, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data 1.; Mauritius 2023 population is estimated at 1,300,557 people at mid year.